Even with 99% coupling efficiency, yields compound quickly. A 100-base oligo may produce less than 40% crude yield — before purification.
Cleavage releases the oligo from the solid support, while deprotection removes chemical protecting groups. Conditions vary based on oligo type and modifications.
RNA oligos require an additional 2′-deprotection step, making protocol selection especially important.
Common methods include:
The right method depends on oligo length, application, and purity requirements.
Understanding yield, purification, and analytical methods ensures you select the correct synthesis scale and avoid costly rework.